Database: Study 14 of 26 studies  

          
Database
Hip - TENS

First author and dateAlmay BG 1985
Version consulted C
Conditionchronic organic pain ()
Study type
N / Groupings 18 (14 M, 4 F; aged 45 yrs mean; 11 neurogenic [6 neuralgic, 4 radicular, 1 postherpetic neuralgia], 7 somatogenic/nociceptive [3 cervicobrachial, 1 low back pain, 1 thoracic spine pain, 1 atypical facial pain, 1 coxarthralgia])
Type of acupuncture
Points used within or around painful area, or over nerve branches innervating painful dermatome
Parameters used80-100 Hz, 15-30 mA (about 2-3 x perception threshold, with no muscle contraction or discomfort); constant current [Neurostal® or Neuromod® ]
Stimulation duration 15 mins in some, 30 mins in most (never >30 mins)
Number of sessions3-6/day for 7 consecutive days (for endorphin fraction measures); >3 mths of treatment
Follow upafter 1 wk, 1 mth or 3 mths of treatment (no extended follow up)
Endpoint measure
Outcome
Additional notes
Analysis / problems
ReferencesAlmay BG, Johansson F, von Knorring L, Sakurada T, Terenius L Long-term high frequency transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (hi-TNS) in chronic pain. Clinical response and effects on CSF-endorphins, monoamine metabolites, substance P-like immunoreactivity (SPLI) and pain measures. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 1985; 29(3): 247-57
Secondary references
Data entry code